Natural Science: Journal of Science and Technology

In Silico Evaluation of Cardamom Compounds Against DNA Gyrase and NADPH Oxidase

Sri Ainun — 2025-12-24

This study evaluates the potential of bioactive compounds from local cardamom (Amomum compactum) as natural drug candidates with antibacterial and antioxidant properties using molecular docking and ADMET analysis. DNA gyrase, a key enzyme in bacterial DNA replication, and NADPH oxidase, a contributor to oxidative stress, were selected as target proteins. Docking results revealed that beta-sesquiphellandrene, 1-piperoylpiperidine, 1,8-cineole, and alpha-terpineol exhibited strong binding affinities. ADMET analysis showed that 1,8-cineole and alpha-terpineol fulfilled bioavailability criteria, making them promising antibacterial and antioxidant drug candidates. These findings suggest further in vitro and in vivo studies for validation.

Abundance, Spatial Distribution Patterns, and Sex Ratio of Abalone (Haliotis asinina) in Salando Island, Tolitoli, Central Sulawesi

Orryani Lambui — 2025-12-24

This study aimed to examine the ecological characteristics of the tropical abalone (Haliotis asinina) inhabiting the coastal waters of Salando Island, Tolitoli, Central Sulawesi, with a focus on its abundance, distribution pattern, and sex ratio. Sampling was conducted at five stations determined by substrate type, where abalone populations were present. At each station, three 25-m line transects were established, and five 5 × 5 m quadrats were positioned seaward for density estimation. Field observations and data analyses were performed at the Laboratory of Animal Biosystematics and Evolution, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tadulako University. Environmental parameters, including pH, temperature, and salinity, were measured, while distribution mapping was conducted using GPS coordinates. The environmental conditions recorded ranged from pH 6.47–7.2, temperature 33.5–36 °C, and salinity 32.1–35.6 ppt, with coral reefs identified as the dominant substrate. The mean population density of H. asinina was 0.23 individuals/m². Morisita’s index value is 2.25 indicated a clumped distribution pattern. The sex ratio analysis revealed a male-to-female ratio of 1.26:1, with males comprising 56% and females 44% of the sampled individuals. These findings suggest that H. asinina populations in Salando Island are primarily associated with coral reef habitats characterized by relatively high temperature and salinity levels. The species forms aggregated population structures and exhibits a male-biased sex ratio. The ecological data presented in this study provide essential baseline information to support sustainable management and conservation strategies for abalone populations in the coastal waters of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia.

Keywords: Haliotis asinina; abundance; distribution pattern; sex ratio; Salando Island; Central Sulawesi

Abundance And Composition of Freshwater Shrimp (Decapoda: Caridea) in the Selat Cina River, Sepuk Laut Village, Sungai Kakap District, Kubu Raya Regency

Risti Febriani - — 2025-12-31

Sepuk Laut Village has high capture fisheries potential, especially freshwater prawns. This study aims to analyze freshwater shrimp's abundance and species composition and the relationship between freshwater shrimp abundance and water and substrate quality in the China Strait River. The research method used is systematic sampling with random start. The results obtained were 354 individual freshwater shrimp from 4 species belonging to the Palaemonidae family with the Macrobrachium genus, namely Macrobrachium equidens, M. rosenbergii, M. mirabile, and M. nipponense. The highest species abundance was M. equidens (D 2620 ind/km²), while the lowest species abundance was M. nipponense (D 828 ind/km²). The abundance of freshwater shrimp associated with water and substrate quality showed a strong to robust correlation (r >0.7) on several parameters, such as current speed, depth, brightness, and water temperature in the four identified freshwater shrimp species. The abundance of freshwater shrimp in the China Strait River is concentrated in the middle of the river, which is 2 km from the river mouth, dominated by Macrobrachium equidens.