Article Sidebar

Submitted
Mar 2, 2021
Accepted
Oct 4, 2021
Published
Oct 4, 2021
Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 248 Download : 464

Main Article Content

Abstract

Background: Hypertension plays a major role in the development of heart disease which is one of the most leading causes of death worldwide. Antihypertensives must be selected carefully to avoid affecting metabolic parameters. A risky case involving the increase of plasma glucose levels using Calcium Channel Blocker (CCB) antihypertensive, amlodipine, has been reported. Objectives: This study aims to examine the effects of CCB treatments on blood glucose levels in hypertensive patients at the Undata District General Hospital of Central Sulawesi Province. Material and Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design with a prospective approach. The instruments & materials used in this study are Accu-Chek Performa glucometer along with the patient's blood sample material. The research subjects were 31 patients who met the inclusion criteria; patients had been treated with CCB therapy for 3 months, patients were not diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, andpatients did not use drugs that might affect the blood glucose levels. Results: The results showed an average value of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels of hypertension patients using CCB class showed an increase from baseline of 124,619 mg/dL to 141,612 mg/dL with a difference of 16,993 mg/dL. Statistical analysis conducted also obtained a significance value of p 0,000 which indicates that the use of amlodipine can significantly increase fasting patients' plasma glucose levels. Conclusions: If observed clinically, the increasing in fasting plasma glucose values ​​falls into the category of mild to moderate hyperglycemic.

Keywords

Hypertension Calcium Channel Blocker (CCB) Fasting Glucose Plasma (FGP) Patients' Hyperglycemic

Article Details

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Author Biographies

Amelia Rumi, Tadulako University

Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tadulako University, Palu, Indonesia

Anggun Fitriana, Tadulako University

Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tadulako University, Palu, Indonesia

How to Cite
Rumi, A., & Fitriana, A. (2021). The Evaluation of Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) Levels in Hypertensive Patients Using Calcium Channel Blocker (CCB) Drugs Class in Undata Regional Hospital: Evaluasi Kadar Glukosa Plasma Puasa (GPP) pada Pasien Hipertensi Menggunakan Obat Kelas Pemblok Kanal Kalsium di Rumah Sakit Daerah Undata. Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal), 7(2), 166-180. https://doi.org/10.22487/j24428744.2021.v7.i2.15463

References

  1. Alwi, I. (2012). Empirical Criteria in Determining Sample Size. Formative: Scientific Journal of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Education, 2 (2), 140–148. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/formatif.v2i2.95
  2. Anonym. (2020). National Drug Information Center. Retrieved January 29, 2020, from http://pionas.pom.go.id/ioni/bab-2-sistem-kardiovaskuler-0/210-hipolipidemik/2104-statin
  3. Arieska, S., Erwinanto, Sari, M., Barack, R., Anna, L. A., Nani, H., & Soerarso, P. R. (2015). Guidelines for Managing Hypertension in Cardiovascular Diseases. GUIDELINES FOR HYPERTENSION MANAGEMENT IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES. Association of Indonesian Cardiologist Specialists.
  4. Aryzki, S., & Akrom. (2018). The Effect of Brief Counseling on Fat Consumption in Hypertensive Patients in Dr. H . Moch Ansari Saleh General District Hospital, Banjarmasin. 5(1), 33–40.
  5. Barnett, L. A., Prior, J. A., Kadam, U. T., & Jordan, K. P. (2017). Chest pain and shortness of breath in cardiovascular disease: A prospective cohort study in UK primary care. BMJ Open, 7(5), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-015857
  6. Degeeter, M., & Taylor, S. R. (2018). Amlodipine-induced hyperglycemia. 35(5), 181–183.
  7. Central Sulawesi Provincial Health Office. (2017). Health Profile of Central Sulawesi Province in the year of 2017. Palu.
  8. DiPiro, J. T., Talbert, R. L., Yee, G. C., Matzke, G. R., Wells, B. G., & Posey, M. (2017). Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach, Tenth Edition. 3146–3154.
  9. Fendrikova, A., Kuban, V. S., & Medical, S. (2015). EFFECTIVENESS OF FIXED-DOSE COMBINATION OF BISOPROLOL AND AMLODIPINE IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND CORONARY HEART DISEASE A. Journal of Hypertension, 33, 2015.
  10. Guerrero-García, C., & Rubio-Guerra, A. F. (2018). Combination therapy in the treatment of hypertension. Drugs in Context, 7, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.7573/dic.212531
  11. Gunawan, sulistian gan. (2016). Pharmacology and Therapy (6th ed.; Gunawan sulistia Gan, S. Rianto, Nafrialdi, & Instiaty, Eds.). Jakarta: Pharmacology and Therapeutics Department, Medical Faculty Universitas Indonesia.
  12. Harigustian, Y., & Dewi, A. (2016). Characteristic Descriptions of Patients Suffering from Heart Failure in the Ages of 45-65 Years Old at PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital Sleman. 1(1), 55–60.
  13. Medscape. (2018). treatment of calcium channel blocker (CCB) toxicity. Retrieved from https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2184611-overview
  14. Medscape. (2019). What is insulin secretion? Retrieved from https://www.medscape.com/answers/2089224-170948/what-is-insulin-secretion
  15. Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia. (2014). Hypertension Infodatin, (Hypertension), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1177/109019817400200403
  16. Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia. (2018). Main Research Results of Basic Health in the Year of 2018. Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia., 1–100. https://doi.org/1 December 2013
  17. Lee, S. A., Choi, H. M., Park, H. J., Ko, S. K., & Lee, H. Y. (2014). Amlodipine and cardiovascular outcomes in hypertensive patients: Meta-analysis comparing amlodipine-based versus other antihypertensive therapy. Korean Journal of Internal Medicine, 29(3), 315–324. https://doi.org/10.3904/kjim.2014.29.3.315
  18. Lukito, A., Eka, H., & Made, H. (2019). CONSENSUS OF MANAGEMENT OF HYPERTENSION in 2019.
  19. Madao, D. A., Mongan, A. E., & Manoppo, F. (2014). Relationship Between the Lengths of Treatments using Aspirin with the Aggregation of Platelet Values in Hypertensive Patients at RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Journal E-Biomedics, 2(2), 545–550. https://doi.org/10.35790/ebm.2.2.2014.5110
  20. Prajapat, R., Jain, I., Singh, S., Singh, S., & Agarwal, P. (2013). The effect of amlodipine on plasma glucose level and its interaction with oral hypoglycemic drugs in albino rabbits. International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 2(6), 768. https://doi.org/10.5455/2319-2003.ijbcp20131218
  21. Sandozi, T. (2010). Study of the effect of Amlodipine on glucose plasma level. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, 1, 4–5. https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.57.4.5
  22. Saputra, B. R., & Indrawanto, I. S. (2013). Profiles of Hypertensive Patients at Jombang District General Hospital in the Period of January-December 2011. 9, 116–120.
  23. Starry, R. (2012). Searching for the Causes of Chest Pain?: Cardiac and Non-cardiacs. Yarsi Medical Journal, 20(1), 45–53.
  24. Sushma, N., Suresha, Huralikuppi, Ashwini, Satish, & Brahadeesh. (2012). EFFECT OF AMLODIPINE ON ORAL GLUCOSE INDUCED GLYCEMIC CHANGES IN NORMAL ALBINO RATS. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 3(09), 18.
  25. Waty, M., & Hasan, H. (2013). Prevalence of Hypertensive Heart Disease in Congestive Heart Failure Patients at RSUP H. Adam Malik. E-Journal Medical Faculty USU, 1(1), 1–5.
  26. World Health Organization. (2013). A global brief on Hypertension. A Global Brief on Hypertension, 9