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Oct 28, 2021
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Nov 30, 2021
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Nov 30, 2021
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Abstract

Background: Atherosclerosis is a major finding in cardiovascular disease. One of the pro-fibrotic cytokines that play an important role in the atherosclerosis process is Tumor Growth Factor (TGF)-β1, where the presence of high TGF-β1 secretion due to hypercholesterolemia will trigger excessive collagen matrix formation. Objective: To analyze Rhizophora sp fruit extract effect on TGF-β1 expression in high cholesterol diet-fed rats. Material and Methods: Eighteen 10-week-old rats weighing 150-200 g were used in this study. These animals were grouped into 3 groups, each consisting of 6 rats. Group A (normal control) is a group of rats that received a normal diet. Group B (atherogenic control) received a diet that induces atherosclerosis (atherogenic diet). This diet contains 2% cholesterol, 5% goat fat, 0.2% cholic acid and standard diet up to 100%. Atherogenic diet was given for 3 days, and on the first day this group also received vitamin D3 700,000 IU/kg. Group C (treated), apart from receiving an atherogenic diet, was also given Rhizophora sp fruit extract 500 mg/kg body weight. The Rhizophora sp fruit extract effect on TGF-β1 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemical procedure. The area of ​​the expression is calculated using the ImageJ. Results: The results of this study indicate that the expression of TGF-β1 is higher in the group receiving the atherogenic diet than the normal control group (17.3 vs. 8.9; P=0.000). Rhizophora sp fruit extract reduced this expression remarkably (17.3 vs. 11.4; P=0.001). Conclusion: Rhizophora sp fruit extract inhibits the the expression of TGF-β1 in high cholesterol diet-fed rats.

Keywords

Mangrove Rhizophora sp. TGF-β1 Atherosclerosis

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Author Biographies

Muhammad Yulis Hamidy, Universitas Riau

Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia

Huriatul Masdar, Universitas Riau

Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia

Winarto Winarto, Universitas Riau

Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia
How to Cite
Hamidy, M. Y., Masdar, H., & Winarto, W. (2021). Mangrove (Rhizophora sp.) Fruit Extract Inhibits Tumor Growth Factor (TGF)-β1 Expression in High Cholesterol Diet-Fed Rats: Ekstrak Buah Bakau (Rhizophora sp.) Menghambat Ekspresi Tumor Growth Factor(TGF)-β1 pada Tikus yang Mendapat Diet Tinggi Kolesterol. Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal), 7(3), 213-220. https://doi.org/10.22487/j24428744.2021.v7.i3.15667

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