Article Sidebar

Submitted
Jul 22, 2022
Accepted
Oct 5, 2022
Published
Oct 17, 2022
Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 177 Download : 220

Main Article Content

Abstract

Background: Artocarpus sp. contained a variety of flavonoids, some of which have been shown to reduce inflammation. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis (Park.) Fosberg) has been demonstrated. Chronic inflammation can occur when immune defence mechanisms are activated by inflammatory conditions. Objectives: This study examined breadfruit leaf methanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction immunosuppressive effects. Material and Methods: The bioactive compounds in breadfruit leaves were extracted in methanol via maceration and fractionation in ethyl acetate via liquid-liquid extraction. The in vivo immunosuppressive effect was evaluated in male Swiss albino mice by humoral antibody titer, delayed-type hypersensitivity, and phagocytic index assays. Results: According to phytochemical screening, flavonoids and steroids were found in the extract and its ethyl acetate fraction. The breadfruit leaf extract and fraction showed an immunosuppressive effect through phagocytic index<1, and the thymus gland index was significantly decreased (p<0.05) compared to control. The breadfruit leaf extract and the ethyl acetate fraction were able to inhibit the production of antibodies and DTH reactions, two types of immune responses. Conclusions: The extract of breadfruit leaves and the ethyl acetate fraction showed immunosuppressive properties.

Keywords

Artocarpus altilis Extract and ethyl acetate fraction Immunosuppressant

Article Details

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

How to Cite
Palupi, D. H. S., Soemardji, A. A., & Iwo, M. I. (2022). Immunosuppressive Effect of Methanol Extract and Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Breadfruit [Artocarpus altilis (Park.) Fosberg] Leaves: Efek imunosupresif ekstrak metanol dan fraksi etil asetat daun sukun [Artocarpus altilis (Park.) Fosberg]. Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal), 8(2), 124-131. https://doi.org/10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i2.15946

References

  1. Brindha, P., Venkatalakshmi, P., & Vadivel, V. (2016). Role of phytochemicals as immunomodulatory agents: A review. International Journal of Green Pharmacy, 10(1), 1–2.
  2. Duan, L., Rao, X., & Sigdel, K. R. (2019). Regulation of Inflammation in Autoimmune Disease. Journal of Immunology Research, 2019, 1–2. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7403796
  3. Edewor, T. I. (2016). A Review: Immunological Potential Of Bioactive Flavonoids And Flavonoid Containing Fractions Isolated From Medicinal Plants. Cibtech Journal of Bio-Protocols, 5(2), 7–14
  4. Huang, R.-Y., Yu, Y.-L., Cheng, W.-C., OuYang, C.-N., Fu, E., & Chu, C.-L. (2010). Immunosuppressive Effect of Quercetin on Dendritic Cell Activation and Function. The Journal of Immunology, 184(12), 6815–6821. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.0903991
  5. Owen, J. A., Punt, J., Stranford, S. A., & P., J. P. (2013). Kuby Immunology (Seventh Ed, p. 534). W. H. Freeman and Company.
  6. Raj, S., & Gothandam, K. M. (2015). Immunomodulatory activity of methanolic extract of Amorphophallus commutatus var. Wayanadensis under normal and cyclophosphamide induced immunosuppressive conditions in mice models. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 81, 151–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2015.04.026
  7. Riasari, H., Ruslan, K., & Sukrasno. (2015). Metabolite Profile Of Various Development Bread Fruit Leaves (Artocarpus Altilis. Parkinson. Fosberg) And The Identification Of Their Major Componens. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 6(5), 2170–2177.
  8. Serhan, C. N. (2017). Treating inflammation and infection in the 21st century: New hints from decoding resolution mediators and mechanisms. The FASEB Journal, 31(4), 1273–1288. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.201601222R
  9. Sikarwar, M. S., Hui, B. J., Subramaniam, K., Valeisamy, B. D., Yean, L. K., & Balaji, K. (2014). A review on Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg (breadfruit). Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 4(8), 91–97. https://doi.org/10.7324/JAPS.2014.40818
  10. Sugimoto, M. A., Sousa, L. P., Pinho, V., Perretti, M., & Teixeira, M. M. (2016). Resolution of inflammation: What controls its onset? Frontiers in Immunology, 7(APR). https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2016.00160