Article Sidebar

Submitted
Apr 6, 2023
Accepted
May 10, 2023
Published
Oct 1, 2023
Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 460 Download : 484

Main Article Content

Abstract

Background: Many chronic diseases that occur in society can be caused by free radicals. Excessive free radicals in the body can contribute to oxidative stress. Therefore, the role of antioxidants in needed to inhibit the effects of free radicals. Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) is a plant that contains several active compounds. The lime juice was reported to contain flavonoids and ascorbic acid which have several bioactivities including antioxidants. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the chemical compounds and determine antioxidant activity in the lime juice powder of lime fruit collected from Ujung Pangkah, Gresik. Material and Methods: Lime was squeezed and dried by a freeze-dryer to remove the water content. The phytochemical profile of lime juice powder was evaluated by thin layer chromatography (TLC) method and ascorbic acid content in lime juice powder was determined further. The antioxidant activity was analyzed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) method. Results: The results of the study showed that lime juice powder contained flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, and steroids. The ascorbic acid content was 0.38 mg/100mg. Antioxidant activities revealed strong antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 32.59 mg/mL, while an IC50 value of ascorbic acid showed 8.57 mg/mL. Conclusions: Lime juice powder has potential as an antioxidant with an IC50 value of lime juice powder being categorized to possess very strong antioxidant activity.

Keywords

Lime Antioxidant Activity DPPH Citrus aurantifolia Medicine

Article Details

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

How to Cite
Rahmiati, N., Sari, R., & Wahyuni, T. S. (2023). Phytochemical and Antioxidant Activity Evaluation of Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) Juice Powder: Evaluasi Fitokimia dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Serbuk Perasan Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantifolia). Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal), 9(2), 197-207. https://doi.org/10.22487/j24428744.2023.v9.i2.16347

References

  1. Al-Aamri, M. S., Al-Abousi, N. M., Al-Jabri, S. S., Alam, T., & Khan, S. A. (2018). Chemical composition and in-vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Citrus aurantifolia L. leaves grown in Eastern Oman. Journal of Taibah University medical sciences, 13(2), 108-112. DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2017.12.002.
  2. Azman, N. F. I. N., Azlan, A., Khoo, H. E., & Razman, M. R. (2019). Antioxidant properties of fresh and frozen peels of citrus species. Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal, 7(2), 331-339. DOI: 10.12944/CRNFSJ.7.2.03.
  3. Basma, A. A., Zakaria, Z., Latha, L. Y., & Sasidharan, S. (2011). Antioxidant activity and phytochemical screening of the methanol extracts of Euphorbia hirta L. Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine, 4(5), 386-390. DOI: 10.1016/S1995-7645(11)60109-0.
  4. Boligon, A. A., Machado, M. M., & Athayde, M. L. (2014). Technical evaluation of antioxidant activity. Med chem, 4(7), 517-522. DOI: 10.4172/2161-0444.1000188.
  5. Fahrurroji, A., & Riza, H. (2020). Karakterisasi Ekstrak Etanol Buah Citrus amblycarpa (L), Citrus aurantifolia (S.), dan Citrus sinensis (O.). Jurnal Farmasi dan Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia. 7(2), 101-111. E-ISSN: 2580-8303.
  6. Ghosh, R., Hoque, N., Shanta, M. A., Nasrin, N., & Asaduzzaman, M. (2020). Antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of different fractions of Citrus aurantifolia peel. Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 19(2), 161-168. DOI: 10.3329/dujps.v19i2.50632.
  7. Gulcin, İ. (2020). Antioxidants and antioxidant methods: An updated overview. Archives of toxicology, 94(3), 651-715. DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02689-3.
  8. Harborne, J. B. (1998). Phytochemical Methods: A Guide to Modern Techniques of Plant Analysis. Chapman & Hall : London.
  9. Hastuti, D., Rohadi, R., & Putri, A. S. (2018). Rasio N-Heksana-Etanol Terhadap Karakteristik Fisik Dan Kimia Oleoresin Ampas Jahe (Zingiber Majus Rumph) Varietas Emprit. Jurnal Teknologi Pangan Dan Hasil Pertanian, 13(1), 41-56. DOI: 10.26623/jtphp.v13i1.2374.
  10. Islamiati, U., Nisa, H. K., Ilmi, H., Tumewu, L., Adianti, M., Wahyuni, T. S., ... & Hafid, A. F. (2022). Free Radical Scavenging and Analgesic Activities of 70% Ethanol Extract of Luvunga sarmentosa (BI.) Kurz from Central Kalimantan. Borneo Journal of Pharmacy, 5(1), 63-70. DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v5i1.2983.
  11. Kazeem, M. I., Bankole, H. A., Oladokun, T. I., Bello, A. O., & Maliki, M. A. (2020). Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle (lime) Fruit Extract Inhibits the Activities of Polyol Pathway Enzymes. eFood, 1(4), 310-315. DOI: 10.2991/efood.k.200824.001.
  12. Kurniasih, N., Kusmiyati, M., Sari, R. P., & Wafdan, R. (2015). Potensi daun sirsak (Annona muricata linn), daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia (ten) steenis), dan daun benalu mangga (Dendrophthoe pentandra) sebagai antioksidan pencegah kanker. Jurnal Istek, 9(1). ISSN 1979-8911
  13. Lemes, R. S., Alves, C. C., Estevam, E. B., Santiago, M. B., Martins, C. H., Santos, T. C. D., Crotti, A. E. M & Miranda, M. L. (2018). Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils from Citrus aurantifolia leaves and fruit peel against oral pathogenic bacteria. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 90, 1285-1292. DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201820170847.
  14. Lung, J. K. S., & Destiani, D. P. (2018). Uji aktivitas antioksidan vitamin A, C, E dengan metode DPPH. Farmaka, 15(1), 53-62. DOI : https://doi.org/10.24198/jf.v15i1.12805
  15. Ogundele, O. O., & Bolade, M. K. (2021). Biochemical Characteristics and Antioxidant Properties of Citrus Juice from Lemon (Citrus limon), Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) and Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) as Influenced by Degree of Ripening. Asian Food Science Journal, 40-51. DOI: 10.9734/afsj/2021/v20i330277.
  16. Oulebsir, C., Mefti-Korteby, H., Djazouli, Z. E., Zebib, B., & Merah, O. (2022). Essential Oil of Citrus aurantium L. Leaves: Composition, antioxidant activity, elastase and collagenase inhibition. Agronomy, 12(6), 1466. DOI: 10.3390/agronomy12061466.
  17. Puspitasari, A. D., Susanti, E., & Khustiana, A. (2019). Aktivitas Antioksidan Dan Penetapan Kadar Vitamin C Perasan Daging Buah Lemon (Citrus Limon (L.) Osbeck) Menggunakan Metode Abts. Jurnal Ilmiah Teknosains, 5(2), 99-104. DOI: 10.26877/jitek.v5i2.4591.
  18. Prasonto, D., Riyanti, E., & Gartika, M. (2017). Uji aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak bawang putih (Allium sativum). ODONTO: Dental Journal, 4(2), 122-128. DOI: 10.30659/odj.4.2.122-128.
  19. Shrestha, R. L., Dhakal, D. D., Gautum, D. M., Paudyal, K. P., & Shrestha, S. (2012). Variation of physiochemical components of acid lime (Citrus aurantifolia swingle) fruits at different sides of the tree in Nepal. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 3: 1688-1692. DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2012.312206.
  20. Souza, V. C., Fim, F. C., Lima, M. E. A., & Silva, L. B. (2019). Antioxidant effects of vitamin C on biomedical UHMWPE compounds. In Macromolecular Symposia. 383(1). DOI: 10.1002/masy.201800002.
  21. Suriyakala, G., Sathiyaraj, S., Devanesan, S., AlSalhi, M. S., Rajasekar, A., Maruthamuthu, M. K., & Babujanarthanam, R. (2022). Phytosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from Jatropha integerrima Jacq. flower extract and their possible applications as antibacterial and antioxidant agent. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 29(2), 680-688. DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.12.007.
  22. Yunita, E., Arifah, E. N., & Tamara, V. F. (2019). Validasi Metode Penetapan Kadar Vitamin C Kulit Jeruk Keprok (Citrus reticulata) secara Spekteofotometri UV-Vis. PHARMACY: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia (Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia), 16(1), 118-131. DOI : 10.30595/pharmacy.v16i1.4552.