Article Sidebar

Submitted
Aug 15, 2023
Accepted
Nov 17, 2023
Published
Mar 1, 2024
Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 286 Download : 231

Main Article Content

Abstract

Background: In 2023, Dengue Fever cases in Indonesia reached 35,694 cases from January to May. Dengue Fever is caused by the bite of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Mosquito control efforts have been widely conducted, including the use of chemical insecticides. The use of chemical insecticides can lead to environmental contamination and cause skin irritation. An alternative approach that can be taken is to use natural insecticides. One of the natural insecticides that can be used as a repellent is citronella and basil essential oils. Citronella and basil essential oils contain geraniol and citronellal, which can cause mortality in mosquitoes. This study intends to evaluate the effectiveness of a spray mixture of basil leaves and citronella essential oil as a mosquito repellent. Materials and Methods: Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, basil leaf essential oil, citronella essential oil, propylene glycol, glycerin, butylated hydroxytoluena and etanol 96% v/v. Subsequently, an evaluation of physical properties was conducted, including organoleptic testing, pH, and viscosity evaluation, as well as irritation and repellent activity test. Results: The spray formulations in the control and F1 are clear in color, while F2 and F3 are clear with a slightly yellowish hue. The scent produced has the characteristic smell of citronella. The pH and viscosity tests resulted in pH values consistent with the skin's pH range of 4.5-7 and viscosity within the range of 1-1000 Cp. The spray formulation did not irritate after 48 hours of observation. The results of the effectiveness test indicate that F2 can protect against mosquito bites for 1 hour, while F3 can protect for 3 hours. Conclusion: Citronella essential oil and basil leaves are effective as a repellent for the Aedes aegypti mosquito for 3 hours of use in concentration 15%.

Keywords

Mosquitoes Repellent Citronella Essential Oil Basil Essential Oil Irritation

Article Details

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

How to Cite
Qomariyah, L. N., Kusumo, D. W., & Pratiwi, E. D. (2024). Effectiveness of Citronella and Basil Essential Oil Spray as Repellents against Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes: Efektivitas Spray Minyak Atsiri Serai Wangi Dan Daun Kemangi Sebagai Repellent Nyamuk Aedes Aegypti. Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal), 10(1), 13-23. https://doi.org/10.22487/j24428744.2024.v10.i1.16499

References

  1. Abdika, A. (2020). Efektivitas dan Katakteristik Lotion Minyak Sereh Wangi (Cymbopogon nardus L.) sebagai Repellent Nyamuk. Repository.Uinjkt.Ac.Id, 1–86.
  2. Andriany, V. H. (2018). Optimasi Emulgel Zinc Oxide Nanopartikel Dengan Carbopol 940 Sebagai Gelling Agent Dan Propilen Glikol Sebagai Humektan Dan Uji Aktivitas Tabir Surya Secara in Vitro.
  3. Assael, M. J., Kalyva, A. E., Monogenidou, S. A., Huber, M. L., Perkins, R. A., Friend, D. G., & May, E. F. (2018). Reference Values and Reference Correlations for the Thermal Conductivity and Viscosity of Fluids. Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, 47(2). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5036625
  4. Astrina Fuji Nurfadilah, M. M. (2020). Farmaka Farmaka. Potensi Tumbuhan Sebagai Repellent Aedes Aegypti Vektor Demam Berdarah Dengue, 17, 84–90.
  5. Banne, Y., Maramis, R. N., Awitari, G. A., Dumanauw, J. M., Rindengan, E., Rumagit, B., & Sapiun, Z. (2022). Pembuatan Sediaan Spray Repelen Dari Minyak Atsiri Bunga Kamboja Putih (Plumeria alba).
  6. Halim, R., & Fitri, A. (2020). Aktivitas Minyak Sereh Wangi Sebagai Anti Nyamuk Citronella Oil Fragrants As Anti Mosquito. Jurnal Kesmas Jambi (JKMJ), 4(1), 28. https://online-journal.unja.ac.id/jkmj/article/view/8940
  7. Juniyanti, A. R., Retnaningsih, A., & Marcellia, S. (2021). Uji Formulasi Sediaan Lotion Dari Ekstrak Daun Cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum L.) Sebagai Repellan Terhadap Nyamuk Aedes Aegypti. Journal of Pharmacy and Tropical Issues, 1(2), 28–37.
  8. Kadang, Y. H. Y. (2020). Formulasi Dan Uji Mutu Fisik Lotion Antinyamuk Minyak Sereh Wangi (Cymbopogon nardus L Rendle.) Dengan Kombinasi Minyak Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth.). Formulasi dan Uji Mutu Fisik Lotion Antinyamuk Minyak Sereh Wangi (Cymbopogon Nardus L Rendle.) dengan Kombinasi Minyak Nilam (Pogostemon Cablin Benth.), 5(3), 248–253.
  9. Khusna, M. Y., & Syarif, P. (2019). Pengaruh Umur Panen dan Lama Penyulingan terhadap Hasil Minyak Atsiri Sereh Wangi (Cymbopogon nardus L.). Biofarm : Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.31941/biofarm.v14i2.795
  10. Oktanti, S., Gabryella Trisagita, N., Saroyo, T., Soetjipto, H., Muflih, M., Widaryanti, R., Lilik Indrawati, F., Keperawatan, P., Yogyakarta, U. R., Kebidanan, P., & Respati Yogyakarta, U. (2022). Sinergi Perguruan Tinggi dan Mitra dalam Mewujudkan Masyarakat Mandiri, Produktif dan Berdaya Saing" Web-Seminar Nasional (Webinar) Universitas Respati Yogyakarta. Cymbopogon Nardus L.) Terhadap Nyamuk Aedes Aegypti|, 4(1), 250–260.
  11. Pajri, A. (2019). Formulasi Dan Uji Aktivitas Lotion Dari Ekstrak Kulit Buah Jeruk Nipis (Citrus Aurantifolia) Sebagai Antinyamuk. Karya Tulis Ilmiah, 53(9), 1689–1699.
  12. Pratimasari, D., Sugihartini, N., & Yuwono, T. (2015). Evaluasi Sifat Fisik Dan Uji Iritasi Sediaan Salep Minyak Atsiri Bunga Cengkeh Dalam Basis Larut Air. Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi, 11(1), 9–15. https://doi.org/10.20885/jif.vol11.iss1.art2
  13. Puput Mirawati, Eva Susanty Simaremare, R. D. P. (2018). Test Of Repellent Effectiveness Of Lotion Containing The Combination Of Essential Oils Of Zodia Leaf Oil (Evodia suaveolens Scheff) and Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) on Aedes aegypti L. Energies, 6(1), 1–8. http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1120700020921110%0Ahttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.reuma.2018.06.001%0Ahttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2018.03.044%0Ahttps://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/S1063458420300078?token=C039B8B13922A2079230DC9AF11A333E295FCD8
  14. Putri, A., & Kalsi, E. (2017). Pengaruh Suhu Terhadap Viskositas Minyak Goreng. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Mipa, 464–469.
  15. Ramadhani, N. D., Nurcahyo, H., Wibawa, A. S., Atsiri, M., Wangi, S., Atsiri, M., & Kenanga, B. (2020). Formulasi Spray Anti Nyamuk Kombinasi Minyak Atsiri Bunga Kenanga (Cananga odorata) dan Serai Wangi (Cymbopogon nardus). 1.
  16. Rasydy, L. O. A., Kuncoro, B., & Hasibuan, M. Y. (2020). Formulasi Sediaan Spray Daun dan Batang Serai Wangi (Cymbopogon nardus L.) Sebagai Antinyamuk Culex s.p. Jurnal Farmagazine, 7(1), 45. https://doi.org/10.47653/farm.v7i1.150
  17. Regina, O., Sudrajad, H., Syaflita, D., Fisika, P., & Riau, U. (2018). Measurement of Viscosity Uses an Alternative Viscometer Pengukuran Viskositas Menggunakan Viskometer Alternatif. Jurnal Geliga Sains, 6(2), 127–132.
  18. Ria, T. P. (2020). Efektivitas Kombinasi Minyak Atsiri Sereh Wangi (Cymbopogon nardus) dan Kulit Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantifolia) Pada Pembuatan Lilin Aromatik Pengusir Nyamuk Aedes dan Culex (Culicidae). Molecules, 2(1), 1–12. http://clik.dva.gov.au/rehabilitation-library/1-introduction-rehabilitation%0Ahttp://www.scirp.org/journal/doi.aspx?DOI=10.4236/as.2017.81005%0Ahttp://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?DOI=10.4236/as.2012.34066%0Ahttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.201
  19. Safrida, S., Elfira, D., Dian, Shella, & Sabilla. (2021). Uji Keefektifan Penggunaan Aromatherapy Batang Serai (Cymbopogon Citratus) dan Repellent Kimia Terhadap Nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Jurnal Kalwedo Sains, 2(1), 1–6.
  20. Sudiarti, M., Ahyanti, M., Yushananta, P., & Tanjungkarang, P. K. (2021). Repellent Nyamuk Aedes Aegypti. Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Ruwa Jurai, 15(1), 8–15. https://ejurnal.poltekkes-tjk.ac.id/index.php/JKESLING/article/view/Made Sudiarti%2C Mei Ahyant%2C Prayudhy Yushananta/1218
  21. Trookman, N. S., Rizer, R. L., & Weber, T. (2011). Irritation and allergy patch test analysis of topical treatments commonly used in wound care: Evaluation on normal and compromised skin. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 64(3 SUPPL. 1), S16–S22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2010.11.008
  22. Udawaty, W., Yusro, F., & Sisillia, L. (2019). Identifikasi Senyawa Kimia Minyak Sereh Wangi Klon G3 (Cymbopogon nardus L.) dengan Media Tanam Tanah Gambut dan Potensinya Sebagai Antibakteri Enterococcus faecalis. Jurnal Tengkawang, 9(2), 71–81.
  23. Uno, N., & Ross, T. M. (2018). Dengue virus and the host innate immune response. Emerging Microbes and Infections, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41426-018-0168-0
  24. Utami, F. D., & Setianto, A. B. (2021). Aktivitas Repellent Formulasi Sediaan Spray Kombinasi Minyak Atsiri Serai (Cymbopogon winterianus), Daun Kemangi (Ocimum basilicum) dan Nilam (Pogostemon Cablin) Beserta Uji Preferensinya. Jurnal Ilmiah Ibnu Sina (JIIS): Ilmu Farmasi Dan Kesehatan, 6(1), 87–97. https://doi.org/10.36387/jiis.v6i1.631
  25. Wati, I. M., Guli, M. M., & Fahri, U. (2015). 3995-12769-1-Pb. 4(1), 1–9.
  26. William, K., Ayu, P., Damayanti, A., Wardani, N. P., Kedokteran, F., Udayana, U., Parasitologi, D., Kedokteran, F., Udayana, U., & Udayana, U. (2022). Efektivitas Penggunaan Daun Kemangi ( Ocimum Sanctum ) Sebagai Krim Obat Anti-Nyamuk Aedes aegypti. 11(4), 63–68.
  27. Yanti, N. L. M. Y. I., Arpiwi, N. L., & Yulihastuti, D. A. (2020). Minyak Atsiri Daun Kemangi (Ocimum × africanum Lour.) dan Efektivitasnya Sebagai Lotion Antinyamuk terhadap Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762). Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences, 7(2), 105. https://doi.org/10.24843/metamorfosa.2020.v07.i02.p14
  28. Zakri, A. A., Mulyadi, A., Syahza, A., & Aziz, Y. (2022). The development of citronella oil distillation results into commercialized products. 1(1), 27–36.