In Vitro Evaluation of Sunscreen Activity of Extract and Fraction of Kedabu Fruit (Sonneratia ovata Backer)

Uji Aktivitas Tabir Surya Ekstrak dan Fraksi Buah Kedabu (Sonneratia ovata Backer) Secara In Vitro

Abstract

The Kedabu fruit, scientifically known as Sonneratia ovata Backer, is a mangrove plant commonly found in Indonesia. This fruit is valued for its antioxidant properties and shows potential as a natural sunscreen. This study was conducted to determine the in-vitro activity of the extract and fractions of Kedabu fruit (Sonneratia ovata Backer) as a sunscreen, with the potential for development into a natural sunscreen preparation. Experiments were conducted on extracts and various fractions, including n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water. The extracts and fractions of Kedabu fruit were prepared at concentrations of 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 µg/mL. Their absorbance was then measured in the UV A (320-375 nm) and UV B (290-320 nm) wavelength ranges. The n-butanol fraction, at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL, appears to be the most effective sunscreen, demonstrating a %Te value of 8.369% and %Tp of 50.345%. This performance places it in the standard Suntan range for UV B protection. Additionally, it has an SPF value of 10.58, categorizing it within the highest level of sun protection.