Article Sidebar

Submitted
Nov 19, 2024
Accepted
Mar 30, 2026
Published
Mar 31, 2026
Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 0 Download : 1

Main Article Content

Abstract

Background: Indonesia is the only country in Southeast Asia with the highest number of diabetics worldwide. In 2021, diabetes in Indonesia reached 10.6%, and it is predicted that this number will continue to increase, reaching 578 million by 2030 and 700 million by 2045. The way to overcome diabetes mellitus is by using drugs that can increase antioxidants and inhibit the activity of α-glucosidase; however, this method can have side effects, particularly on the digestive tract. Therefore, another alternative treatment is needed to reduce blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes mellitus, which is achieved by using natural ingredients. One of the natural ingredients predicted to have antioxidant and antidiabetic activity is kelakai leaves (Stenochlaena palustris). Methods: The content of your abstract must include background, aims of the study, used method, brief result and conclusion. Results: In this study, kelakai leaf extract showed potential as a source of bioactive compounds, particularly in terms of antioxidant activity and potential inhibition of α-glucosidase. This is indicated by the very strong IC50 value of 9,384 ppm. The best results were found in the nictoflorin compound, with a bond energy value almost close to the native ligand value (-7.7 kcal/mol) and interacting with the same amino acids as α-glucosidase, including Asp 542, Phe 575, Tyr 299, Trp 406, His 600, and Met 444. Conclusions: The potential of kelakai leaf extract as an antidiabetic is indicated by the interaction between α-glucosidase and all test compounds, as seen from the bond energy reflecting the level of affinity.

Keywords

Antixodant Kelakai leaf diabetes mellitus

Article Details

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

How to Cite
Komara, N. K., Hanasia, Turnip, O. N., Ahmad, F. F. R., Muhammad Irmawan, Ysrafil, Toemon, A. N., & Muhammad Alif Sayyidinoor. (2026). Activity of Kelakai Leaf Extract (Stenochlaena palustris) as an Antioxidant and Antidiabetic: An In Vitro and In Silico Study. Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal), 12(1), 55-71. https://doi.org/10.22487/j24428744.2026.v12.i1.17494

References

  1. Chester K, Zahiruddin S, Ahmad A, Khan W, Paliwal S, Ahmad S. (2017). Bioautography-Based Identification Of Antioxidant Metabolites Of Solanum Nigrum L. And Exploration Its Hepatoprotective Potential Against D-Galactosomine-Induced Hepatic Fibrosis In Rats. Pharmacogn Mag, 2(62), 179–88.
  2. Agliassa, C., & Maffei, M. E. (2018). Origanum Vulgare Terpenoids Induce Oxidative Stress And Reduce The Feeding Activity Of Spodoptera Littoralis. International Journal Of Molecular Sciences, 19(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/Ijms19092805
  3. Assefa, S. T., Yang, E. Y., Chae, S. Y., Song, M., Lee, J., Cho, M. C., & Jang, S. (2020). Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities Of Plants With Focus On Common Vegetables. Plants, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/Plants9010002
  4. Bajracharya, G. B., & Bajracharya, B. 2022. A Comprehensive Review On Nepalese Wild Vegetable Food Ferns. Available online from : https://ssrn.com/abstract=4136243. Accessed August 13, 2024
  5. Dewitasari, WF. (2020). Perbandingan Pelarut Kloroform dan Etanol terhadap Rendemen Ekstrak Daun Lidah Mertua (Sansevieria trifasciata Prain.) Menggunakan Metode Maserasi, Prosiding Seminar Nasional Biologi di Era Pandemi COVID-19 (pp. 127-132), Gowa: Jurusan Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, UIN Alauddin Makassar.
  6. Chear, N. J. Y., Khaw, K. Y., Murugaiyah, V., & Lai, C. S. (2016). Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activity And Chemical Constituents Of Stenochlaena Palustris Fronds At Two Different Stages Of Maturity. Journal Of Food And Drug Analysis, 24(2), 358–366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfda.2015.12.005
  7. Dirir, A. M., Daou, M., Yousef, A. F., & Yousef, L. F. (2022). A Review Of Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors From Plants As Potential Candidates For The Treatment Of Type-2 Diabetes. In Phytochemistry Reviews, 21(4), 1049–1079. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-021-09773-1
  8. Esati, N. K., Jawa La, E. O., & Lestari, G. A. D. (2022). Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Rosemary (Rosemarinus officinalis L.) Dengan Metode DPPH dan FRAP serta Pengaplikasiannya Sebagai Zat Aktif Dalam Losion. Jurnal Sains Dan Kesehatan, 4(4), 363–369. https://doi.org/10.25026/jsk.v4i4.1129
  9. Fatmawati, Fauzana, N. A., Aisiah, S., Rini, R. K., Olga, Tanod, W. A., & Riyadi, P. H. (2022). Chemicals Profile Of Kelakai Leaves Extracts (Stenochlaena palustris) With Antioxidant And Antibacterial Activity Against Aeromonas Hydrophila. Sains Malaysiana, 51(8), 2531–2546. https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5108-14
  10. Hartanti, I. R., Putri, A. A., Auliya As, N. N., Triadenda, A. L., Laelasari, E., Suhandi, C., & Muchtaridi, M. (2022). Molecular Docking Senyawa Xanton, Benzofenon, Dan Triterpenoid Sebagai Antidiabetes dari Ekstrak Tumbuhan Garcinia Cowa. Jurnal Kimia, 72. https://doi.org/10.24843/jchem.2022.v16.i01.p10
  11. Hendra, R., Khodijah, R., Almurdani, M., Haryani, Y., Nugraha, A. S., Frimayanti, N., Teruna, H. Y., & Abdulah, R. (2022). Free Radical Scavenging, Anti-Infectious, And Toxicity Activities From Stenochlaena palustris (Burm.F.) Bedd. Extracts. Advances In Pharmacological And Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5729217
  12. International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas 10th Edition. Available Online From: https://diabetesatlas.org. [Accessed August 09, 2024].
  13. Kusmardiyani, S., Novita, G., & Fidrianny, I. (2016). Antioxidant Activities From Various Extracts Of Different Parts Of Kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris) Grown In Central Kalimantan - Indonesia. Asian Journal Of Pharmaceutical And Clinical Research, 9, 215–219. https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2016.v9s2.13630
  14. Lamadjido, S. R., Umrah, U., & Jamaluddin, J. (2019). Formulasi Dan Analisis Nilai Gizi Bakso Kotak Dari Jamur Tiram Putih (Pleurotus ostreatus). Jurnal Farmasi Galenika, 5(2), 166–174. https://doi.org/10.22487/j24428744.2019.v5.i2.13149
  15. Macáková, K., Afonso, R., Saso, L., & Mladěnka, P. (2019). The Influence Of Alkaloids On Oxidative Stress And Related Signaling Pathways. In Free Radical Biology And Medicine, 134, 429–444. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.01.026
  16. Nayeem, S., Mohammed Sohail, E., Ridhima, G., & Srinivasa Reddy, M. (N.D.). Target Sars-Cov-2: Computation Of Binding Energies With Drugs Of Dexamethasone/Umifenovir By Molecular Dynamics Using Opls-Aa Force Field. Research on Biomedical Engineering, 38, 117-126. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42600-020-00119-y/published
  17. Moniung, P., Singkoh, M., & Butarbutar, R. (2022). Potensi Alga Halymenia Durvillei Sebagai Sumber Antioksidan Alami. Jurnal Bios Logos, 12(1), 39—45. https://doi.org/10.35799/jbl.v12i1.36721
  18. Rajlic, S., Treede, H., Münzel, T., Daiber, A., & Duerr, G. D. (2023). Early Detection Is The Best Prevention—Characterization Of Oxidative Stress In Diabetes Mellitus And Its Consequences On The Cardiovascular System. In Cells, 12, 583. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12040583
  19. Retno Sari. (2023). Evaluation Of Oral Preparations Of Vitamin E As Antioxidant Using Dpph Method (Diphenyl Picrylhydrazyl). Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi, 10(1), 13–17. https://doi.org/10.20473/bikfar.v10i1.47115
  20. Sharma, D., Gondaliya, P., Tiwari, V., & Kalia, K. (2019). Kaempferol Attenuates Diabetic Nephropathy By Inhibiting Rhoa/Rho-Kinase Mediated Inflammatory Signalling. Biomedicine And Pharmacotherapy, 109, 1610–1619. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.195
  21. Siswanto Syamsul, E., Yunita Hakim, Y., Nurhasnawati, H., & Farmasi Samarinda Jl Brig Jend Wahab Syahranie, A. A. (2019). Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid Ekstrak Daun Kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris (Burm. F.) Bedd.) dengan Metode Spektrofotometri Uv-Vis. Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia, 1(1), 11—20.
  22. Song, B. R., Alam, M. B., & Lee, S. H. (2022). Terpenoid-Rich Extract Of Dillenia Indica L. Bark Displays Antidiabetic Action In Insulin-Resistant C2c12 Cells And Stz-Induced Diabetic Mice By Attenuation Of Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants, 11(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11071227
  23. Yi, X., Dong, M., Guo, N., Tian, J., Lei, P., Wang, S., Yang, Y., & Shi, Y. (2023). Flavonoids Improve Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus And Its Complications: A Review. Frontiers In Nutrition, 10, 1192131. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1192131

DB Error: Unknown column 'Array' in 'where clause'