Optimization and Kinetic Study of Ende-Natural Zeolite as Candidates of Ammonia Adsorbent on Broiler Chicken Litter

Abstract

Zeolite Natural Ende (ZNE) is a local material from Ende, East Nusa Tenggara which can be used as an adsorbent candidate to reduce environmental pollution due to poultry farm wastes. The purpose of this study is to obtain optimal conditions and adsorption kinetics of ZNE as an adsorbent in terms of absorbing NH₃, water content, and neutralizing pH on broiler litter. This study consisted of 3 stages such as sample preparation, optimization of acid concentration, particle size, contact time, adsorbate concentration, as well as determination of ZNE-methylene blue adsorption kinetics. The results of the analysis revealed that the best conditions are using 1 M H₂SO_4, particle size 80 mesh, contact time for 30 minutes with an adsorption capacity of 1.999 mg/g, and methylene blue 80 ppm as an optimal condition. Furthermore, ZNE-methylene blue adsorption kinetics model is the second order type 1 kinetics by R² = 1, and also adsorption rate constant is 0.0019 g.mg^-1.min